Horizon 2020 work programmes
An application of some text mining techniques
Jüri Lillemets
2020-10-01
Activities were collected from the documents on the addresses below.
## [1] "https://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/data/ref/h2020/wp/2014_2015/main/h2020-wp1415-food_en.pdf"
## [2] "https://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/data/ref/h2020/wp/2016_2017/main/h2020-wp1617-food_en.pdf"
## [3] "https://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/data/ref/h2020/wp/2018-2020/main/h2020-wp1820-food_en.pdf"All words were stemmed, so that only stems of words and not the original words are shown (e.g. sustainable -> sustain). Stopwords were removed. Compounds were constructed from two or more words that often occurred together, here separated by an underscore (e.g. sustainability in agriculture -> sustain and agricultur -> sustain_agriculture).
Names of activities
## [1] "Sustainable terrestrial livestock production"
## [2] "Sustainable crop production"
## [3] "Practical solutions for native and alien pests affecting plants"
## [4] "Soil quality and function"
## [5] "Strategies for crop productivity, stability and quality"
## [6] "Sustainable intensification pathways of agro-food systems in Africa"
## [7] "Genetic resources and agricultural diversity for food security, productivity and resilience"
## [8] "Resource-efficient eco-innovative food production and processing"
## [9] "Towards a gradual elimination of discards in European fisheries"
## [10] "Tackling disease related challenges and threats faced by European farmed aquatic animals"
## [11] "Implementation of an Ecosystem-based approach for European aquaculture"
## [12] "Assessing the health risks of combined human exposure to multiple food- related toxic substances"
## [13] "Biological contamination of crops and the food chain"
## [14] "Authentication of food products"
## [15] "Proteins of the future"
## [16] "Tackling malnutrition in the elderly"
## [17] "Innovative solutions for sustainable novel food processing"
## [18] "Small farms but global markets: the role of small and family farms in food and nutrition security"
## [19] "Sustainable food and nutrition security through evidence based EU agro- food policies"
## [20] "Sustainable food chains through public policies: the cases of the EU quality policy and of public sector food procurement"
## [21] "Improving the preservation and sustainable exploitation of Atlantic marine ecosystems"
## [22] "Forecasting and anticipating effects of climate change on fisheries and aquaculture"
## [23] "Novel marine derived biomolecules and industrial biomaterials"
## [24] "Enhancing the industrial exploitation potential of marine-derived enzymes"
## [25] "Preparing for the future innovative offshore economy"
## [26] "Delivering the sub-sea technologies for new services at sea"
## [27] "Response capacities to oil spills and marine pollutions"
## [28] "Developing in-situ Atlantic Ocean Observations for a better management and sustainable exploitation of the maritime resources"
## [29] "Acoustic and imaging technologies"
## [30] "Consolidating the economic sustainability and competitiveness of European fisheries and aquaculture sectors to reap the potential of seafood markets"
## [31] "Monitoring, dissemination and uptake of marine and maritime research"
## [32] "Supporting SMEs efforts for the development - deployment and market replication of innovative solutions for blue growth"
## [33] "Ocean literacy – Engaging with society – Social Innovation"
## [34] "Supporting international cooperation initiatives: Atlantic Ocean Cooperation Research Alliance"
## [35] "European polar research cooperation"
## [36] "Coordination action in support of the implementation of the Joint Programming Initiative on 'Healthy and Productive Seas and Oceans'"
## [37] "Provision of public goods by EU agriculture and forestry: Putting the concept into practice"
## [38] "Closing the research and innovation divide: the crucial role of innovation support services and knowledge exchange"
## [39] "Unlocking the growth potential of rural areas through enhanced governance and social innovation"
## [40] "Improved data and management models for sustainable forestry"
## [41] "Renewable oil crops as a source of bio-based products"
## [42] "Converting CO2 into chemicals"
## [43] "Public procurement networks on innovative bio-based products"
## [44] "Towards an innovative and responsible bioeconomy"
## [45] "Supporting National Contact Points for Horizon 2020 Societal Challenge 2 on ‘Food Security, Sustainable Agriculture, Marine and Maritime Research and the Bioeconomy’ and the Key Enabling Technology (KET) ‘Biotechnology’"
## [46] "Networking of Bioeconomy relevant ERA-NETs"
## [47] "Coordination action in support of the implementation by participating States of a Joint Programming Initiative on Agriculture, Food Security and Climate Change"
## [48] "Public-Public Partnerships in the bioeconomy"
## [49] "Coordination action in support of the implementation by participating States of a Joint Programming Initiative on ‘A Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life’"
## [50] "Solutions to multiple and combined stresses in crop production"
## [51] "Teaming up for good: Exploiting the benefits of species diversity in cropping systems"
## [52] "Testing and breeding for sustainability and resilience in crops"
## [53] "New partnerships and tools to enhance European capacities for in-situ conservation"
## [54] "Robotics Advances for Precision Farming"
## [55] "Weeding - strategies, tools and technologies for sustainable weed management"
## [56] "Organic breeding – Increasing the competitiveness of the organic breeding and farming sectors"
## [57] "Organic inputs – contentious inputs in organic farming"
## [58] "Spotlight on critical outbreak of pests: the case of Xylella fastidiosa"
## [59] "Research and approaches for emerging diseases and pests in plants and terrestrial livestock"
## [60] "Challenges for disease management: Perennial crops in the tropics and sub-tropics"
## [61] "Support for international research on animal health"
## [62] "Validation of diagnostic tools for animal and plant health"
## [63] "Understanding host-pathogen-environment interactions"
## [64] "Breeding livestock for resilience and efficiency"
## [65] "Bee health and sustainable pollination"
## [66] "Innovations in plant protection"
## [67] "Support to the development and implementation of FOOD 2030 - a European research and innovation policy framework for food and nutrition security"
## [68] "ERA-NET Cofund: Public-Public Partnerships in the bioeconomy"
## [69] "Towards a science-based regionalisation of the Common Fisheries Policy"
## [70] "Advancing basic biological knowledge and improving management tools for commercially important fish and other seafood species"
## [71] "Smart fisheries technologies for an efficient, compliant and environmentally friendly fishing sector"
## [72] "Improving the technical performance of the Mediterranean aquaculture"
## [73] "Reinforcing international cooperation on sustainable aquaculture production with countries from South-East Asia"
## [74] "Support Action to a common agricultural and wider bioeconomy research agenda"
## [75] "Legumes - transition paths to sustainable legume-based farming systems and agri-feed and food chains"
## [76] "Permanent grassland – farming systems and policies"
## [77] "Functional biodiversity – productivity gains through functional biodiversity: effective interplay of crop pollinators and pest predators"
## [78] "Socio-eco-economics – socio-economics in ecological approaches"
## [79] "Closing loops at farm and regional levels to mitigate GHG emissions and environmental contamination - focus on carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycling in agro-ecosystems"
## [80] "Farming for tomorrow - developing an enabling environment for resilient and sustainable agricultural systems"
## [81] "Promoting and supporting the eco-intensification of aquaculture production systems: inland (including fresh water), coastal zone, and offshore"
## [82] "Better understanding the challenges facing agriculture and the impacts of policies - A European platform to support modelling in agriculture"
## [83] "Understanding food value chain and network dynamics"
## [84] "Innovative agri-food chains: unlocking the potential for competitiveness and sustainability"
## [85] "Innovative solutions for sustainable food packaging"
## [86] "Co-fund on One Health (zoonoses – emerging threats)"
## [87] "The impact of consumer practices in food safety: risks and mitigation strategies"
## [88] "Impulsivity and compulsivity and the link with nutrition, lifestyle and the socio-economic environment"
## [89] "How to tackle the childhood obesity epidemic?"
## [90] "Sweeteners and sweetness enhancers"
## [91] "EU-Africa Research and Innovation partnership on food and nutrition security and sustainable agriculture"
## [92] "Promoting food and nutrition security and sustainable agriculture in Africa: the role of innovation"
## [93] "Earth observation services for the monitoring of agricultural production in Africa"
## [94] "Supporting international cooperation activities on agriculture soil contribution to climate change mitigation and adaptation"
## [95] "A joint plant breeding programme to decrease the EU's and China's dependency on protein imports"
## [96] "Increase overall transparency of processed agri-food products"
## [97] "Alternative production system to address anti-microbial drug usage, animal welfare and the impact on health"
## [98] "Management of soil water resources in the EU and China and its impact on agro-ecosystem functions"
## [99] "Resource-efficient urban agriculture for multiple benefits – contribution to the EU-China Urbanisation Partnership"
## [100] "Large-scale algae biomass integrated biorefineries"
## [101] "High value-added specialised vessel concepts enabling more efficient servicing of emerging coastal and offshore activities"
## [102] "Multi-use of the oceans' marine space, offshore and near-shore: compatibility, regulations, environmental and legal issues"
## [103] "Multi-use of the oceans marine space, offshore and near-shore: Enabling technologies"
## [104] "ERA-NET Cofund on marine technologies"
## [105] "Interaction between people, oceans and seas: a strategic approach towards healthcare and well-being"
## [106] "Blue green innovation for clean coasts and seas"
## [107] "Innovative sustainable solutions for improving the safety and dietary properties of seafood"
## [108] "An integrated Arctic observation system"
## [109] "Impact of Arctic changes on the weather and climate of the Northern Hemisphere"
## [110] "The effect of climate change on Arctic permafrost and its socio-economic impact, with a focus on coastal areas"
## [111] "Towards an integrated Mediterranean Sea Observing System"
## [112] "Support to the BLUEMED Initiative: Coordination of marine and maritime research and innovation activities in the Mediterranean"
## [113] "Monitoring and assessing fish stocks, other pelagic species and habitats with an automated, non-invasive, opto-acoustic system."
## [114] "Consolidated policy framework and governance models for synergies in rural-urban linkages"
## [115] "Coastal-rural interactions: Enhancing synergies between land and sea- based activities"
## [116] "Towards 2030 - policies and decision support tools for an integrated approach to the management of land as a resource"
## [117] "Water farms – improving farming and its impact on the supply of drinking water"
## [118] "Novel public policies, business models and mechanisms for the sustainable supply of and payment for forest ecosystem services"
## [119] "Crop diversification systems for the delivery of food, feed, industrial products and ecosystems services - from farm benefits to value-chain organisation"
## [120] "Resource-efficient and profitable industrial crops on marginal land"
## [121] "Demonstration of integrated logistics centres for food and non-food applications"
## [122] "Business models for modern rural economies"
## [123] "Thematic Networks compiling knowledge ready for practice"
## [124] "On-farm demonstrations: deepening farmer-to-farmer learning mechanisms"
## [125] "Networking European farms to boost thematic knowledge exchanges and close the innovation gap"
## [126] "Building a future science and education system fit to deliver to practice"
## [127] "Advisors' roles in the functioning of AKIS and advisory policies boosting innovation in sustainable agriculture"
## [128] "The benefits of working with others – fostering social capital in the farming sector"
## [129] "Optimising interactive innovation project approaches and the delivery of EU policies to speed up innovation in rural areas"
## [130] "Sustainability schemes for the bio-based economy"
## [131] "Towards a method for the collection of statistical data on bio-based industries and bio-based products"
## [132] "Adaptive tree breeding strategies and tools for forest production systems resilient to climate change and natural disturbances"
## [133] "Intelligent solutions and tools in forest production systems, fostering a sustainable supply of quality wood for the growing bioeconomy"
## [134] "Plant Molecular Factory"
## [135] "Bio-based products: Mobilisation and mutual learning action plan"
## [136] "The regional dimension of bio-based industries"
## [137] "Strategies for improving the bioeconomy knowledge of the general public"
## [138] "Biodiversity in action: across farmland and the value chain"
## [139] "Healthy terrestrial livestock microbial ecosystems for sustainable production"
## [140] "Microbiome applications for sustainable food systems"
## [141] "Integrated health approaches and alternatives to pesticide use"
## [142] "New and emerging risks to plant health"
## [143] "Stepping up integrated pest management"
## [144] "Making European beekeeping healthy and sustainable"
## [145] "Improving animal welfare"
## [146] "Epidemiology of non-EU-regulated contagious animal diseases: from integrated data collection to prioritisation"
## [147] "Anti-microbials and animal production"
## [148] "A vaccine against African swine fever"
## [149] "Genome and epigenome enabled breeding in terrestrial livestock"
## [150] "Personalized Nutrition"
## [151] "Future proofing our plants"
## [152] "Towards healthier and sustainable food"
## [153] "Alternative proteins for food and feed"
## [154] "Climate-smart and resilient farming"
## [155] "European Joint Programme on agricultural soil management"
## [156] "Emerging challenges for soil management"
## [157] "Forest soils Research and Innovation Action"
## [158] "Integrated water management in small agricultural catchments"
## [159] "Innovative and citizen-driven food system approaches in cities"
## [160] "Integrated system innovation in valorising urban biowaste"
## [161] "Food Cloud demonstrators"
## [162] "Monitoring food R&I investments and impacts"
## [163] "Genetic resources and pre-breeding communities"
## [164] "Innovations in plant variety testing"
## [165] "Agri-Aqua Labs"
## [166] "ERANETs in agri-food"
## [167] "Supporting microbiome coordination and the International Bioeconomy Forum"
## [168] "Support to the implementation of the EU-Africa Research and Innovation Partnership on Food and Nutrition Security & Sustainable Agriculture (FNSSA)"
## [169] "Food Systems Africa"
## [170] "Sustainable Intensification in Africa"
## [171] "Diversifying revenue in rural Africa through bio-based solutions"
## [172] "Integrated approaches to food safety controls across the food chain"
## [173] "Highly efficient management of soil quality and land resources"
## [174] "High-quality organic fertilisers from biogas digestate"
## [175] "Healthy soils for healthy food production"
## [176] "Towards a Baltic and North Sea research and innovation programme"
## [177] "Blue Bioeconomy Public-Public Partnership"
## [178] "Sustainable harvesting of marine biological resources"
## [179] "Sustainable European aquaculture 4.0: nutrition and breeding"
## [180] "Multi-use of the marine space, offshore and near-shore: pilot demonstrators"
## [181] "Sustainable solutions for bio-based plastics on land and sea"
## [182] "The Future of Seas and Oceans Flagship Initiative"
## [183] "All Atlantic Ocean Research Alliance Flagship"
## [184] "Coordination of marine and maritime research and innovation in the Black Sea"
## [185] "Fisheries in the full ecosystem context"
## [186] "Towards a productive, healthy, resilient, sustainable and highly-valued Black Sea"
## [187] "Building modern rural policies on long-term visions and societal engagement"
## [188] "Socio-economic impacts of digitisation of agriculture and rural areas"
## [189] "Contracts for effective and lasting delivery of agri-environmental public goods"
## [190] "Analytical tools and models to support policies related to agriculture and food"
## [191] "Agricultural markets and international trade in the context of sustainability objectives"
## [192] "Connecting consumers and producers in innovative agri-food supply chains"
## [193] "Innovative agri-food value chains: boosting sustainability-oriented competitiveness"
## [194] "Reducing food losses and waste along the agri-food value chain"
## [195] "Closing nutrient cycles"
## [196] "Realising the potential of regional and local bio-based economies"
## [197] "Circular bio-based business models for rural communities"
## [198] "Sustainable wood value chains"
## [199] "Support to the BIOEAST initiative: boosting knowledge and innovation- based bioeconomies"
## [200] "ICT Innovation for agriculture – Digital Innovation Hubs for Agriculture"
## [201] "Enabling the farm advisor community to prepare farmers for the digital age"
## [202] "Digital solutions and e-tools to modernize the CAP"
## [203] "Thematic networks compiling knowledge ready for practice"
## [204] "Fuelling the potential of advisors for innovation"
## [205] "Reinforcing the EU agricultural knowledge base"
## [206] "Strengthening the European agro-ecological research and innovation ecosystem"
## [207] "Developing long-term monitoring and evaluation frameworks for the Common Agricultural Policy"
## [208] "A comprehensive vision for urban agriculture"
## [209] "Towards a European research and innovation roadmap on soils and land management"
## [210] "Husbandry for quality and sustainability"
## [211] "Defossilising agriculture – solutions and pathways for fossil-energy- free farming"
## [212] "FOOD 2030 - Empowering cities as agents of food system transformation"
## [213] "Supporting the food safety systems of the future"
## [214] "Pilot action for the removal of marine plastics and litter"
## [215] "Public engagement for the Bioeconomy"
## [216] "Prospecting aquatic and terrestrial natural biological resources for biologically active compounds"
## [217] "Industrial microbiomes – learning from nature"
## [218] "Bio-based industries leading the way in turning carbon dioxide emissions into chemicals"
## [219] "Innovative textiles – reinventing fashion"
## [220] "A network of European bioeconomy clusters to advance bio-based solutions in the primary production sector"
## [221] "Enzymes for more environment-friendly consumer products"
## [222] "Pilot circular bio-based cities – sustainable production of bio-based products from urban biowaste and wastewater"
## [223] "Sustainability of bio-based products – international governance aspects and market update"A wordcloud from these names is below, based on word frequencies.
List of call topics
## [1] "BB - Bio-based innovation for sustainable goods and services..."
## [2] "BG - Blue Growth: Unlocking the potential of Seas and Oceans"
## [3] "FNR - Food and Natural Resources"
## [4] "ISIB - Innovative, Sustainable and Inclusive Bioeconomy"
## [5] "RUR - Rural Renaissance - Fostering innovation and business opportunities"
## [6] "SFS - Sustainable Food Security"Number of calls by years
##
## 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Sum
## BB 0 0 3 5 0 0 0 8
## BG 12 4 8 6 5 4 2 41
## FNR 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 18
## ISIB 10 3 0 0 0 0 0 13
## RUR 0 0 8 8 10 5 4 35
## SFS 15 5 24 26 19 12 7 108
## Sum 37 12 43 45 34 21 31 223Term frequency
Frequency of 50 most frequent terms
Wordcloud of all terms
Wordcloud of unique terms
Only 200 most unique terms (based on document mean TF-IDF).
Wordclouds of all terms by calls
## [1] "Bio-based innovation for sustainable goods and services..."
## [1] "Blue Growth: Unlocking the potential of Seas and Oceans"
## [1] "Food and Natural Resources"
## [1] "Innovative, Sustainable and Inclusive Bioeconomy"
## [1] "Rural Renaissance - Fostering innovation and business opportunities"
## [1] "Sustainable Food Security"
Keyness
A positive value of keyness indicates that a term occurs more than expected in a target group compared to a reference group. Negative value indicates that it occurs less than expected. Here \(\chi^{2}\) was chosen as the measure to estimate keyness.
Target is the group printed above plots and reference group contains all other documents. Ten terms with most negative and ten terms with most positive keyness are depicted on the plots below. Negative values are in blue, positie in green.
By calls
By years
Topic modelling
Latent Dirichlet Allocation
This is an algorithm that attempts to find topics and returns a combination of words that would characterize each topic.
The algorithm was ran so that it would find six topics (since there are 6 categories for calls).
We can observe how do the six model predicted topics for each activity coincide with calls of each activity:
## actual
## predicted BB BG FNR ISIB RUR SFS
## 1 1 2 2 2 1 37
## 2 0 14 2 3 3 12
## 3 0 22 5 0 4 8
## 4 2 1 2 1 16 15
## 5 1 0 3 3 10 29
## 6 4 2 4 4 1 7Below are six wordclouds describing each topic that LDA returned.
Term correlations
The network is based on Pearson’s correlation between terms among documents.
An interactive network can be found here.
Text statistics
This section is not so relevant for investigating topics. But why not.
Length of texts
Readability
Flesch’s Reading Ease Score (Flesch 1948)1 is based on number of words, syllabiles and average sentence length. Higher score indicates that a given text is easier to read.
Lexical diversity
Carroll’s Corrected Type-Token Ratio.
Sentiment
Sentiment was determined using 2015 Lexicoder Sentiment Dictionary.
By call
By year
Correspondence analysis
Position of documents on a single dimension scale.
Flesch, R. (1948). A New Readability Yardstick. Journal of Applied Psychology, 32(3), 221.↩︎